Thorax

At-risk registers integrated into primary care to stop asthma crises in the UK: cluster randomised controlled trial with economic evaluation

Background A regional trial indicated that implementing at-risk asthma registers in primary care could reduce hospital ...
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Bronchoscopic transparenchymal nodule access (BTPNA): first in human trial of a novel procedure for sampling solitary pulmonary nodules

Introduction The promise of benefits from lung cancer screening is tempered by the false positive rate and the need to perform diagnostic procedures to determine the aetiology of the solitary ...
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Online First

Frailty, comorbidity and survival comparisons between populations eligible for screening according to risk factor versus risk score criteria: results from the Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial ...
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NOX4/NADPH oxidase expression is increased in pulmonary fibroblasts from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and mediates TGFβ1-induced fibroblast differentiation into ...

Background Persistence of myofibroblasts is believed to contribute to the development of fibrosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) irreversibly converts ...
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Chronic cough: from a complex dysfunction of the neurological circuit to the production of persistent cough

Chronic cough or cough that lasts more than 8 weeks, once a chest x-ray and spirometry are confirmed normal, is caused by an alteration in a section of the route between peripheral receptors, mainly ...
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A clinical approach to the use of methotrexate for sarcoidosis

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0564, USA Dr R P Baughman. If you wish to reuse any or all of this ...
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Asthma and allergy patterns over 18 years after severe RSV bronchiolitis in the first year of life

5 Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Australia 6 The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of ...
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PiSZ alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD): pulmonary phenotype and prognosis relative to PiZZ AATD and PiMM COPD

Introduction The PiSZ genotype results in less severe deficiency of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) than PiZZ. Less is known about phenotypic and prognostic features. Methods We studied 699 PiZZ, 126 PiSZ ...
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Community-acquired pneumonia as medical emergency: predictors of early deterioration

9 Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) Background Early organ dysfunction determines the prognosis of ...
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A large lung gene expression study identifying fibulin-5 as a novel player in tissue repair in COPD

2 University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands Correspondence to Dr Corry-Anke Brandsma, Department of ...
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Using molecular testing and whole-genome sequencing for tuberculosis diagnosis in a low-burden setting: a cost-effectiveness analysis using transmission-dynamic modelling

Background Despite progress in TB control in low-burden countries like England and Wales, there are still diagnostic delays. Molecular testing and/or whole-genome sequencing (WGS) provide more rapid ...
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Estimating individual treatment effects on COPD exacerbations by causal machine learning on randomised controlled trials

Correspondence to Professor Wim Janssens, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; wim.janssens{at}uzleuven.be Rationale Estimating the ...