In today’s competitive construction environment, time and accuracy matter more than ever. For quantity surveyors (QS), spreadsheets remain one of the most accessible, flexible, and cost-effective ...

Cities become much hotter in summer as concrete, glass, and roads absorb heat during the day, then slowly release it at night, warming the surrounding air. Tall buildings block cooling winds, ...

Euler's theory of column buckling is used to estimate the critical buckling load of column since the stress in the column remains elastic. The critical buckling load is the maximum load that a column ...

Floods are fast becoming a defining challenge of 21st-century cities. As extreme rainfall events intensify and urban areas expand, the conventional approach of rapidly channeling water through ...

In the fast-moving world of construction and infrastructure, every minute counts. For civil engineers who frequently conduct field visits, design reviews, site coordination, and documentation, ...

Concrete is the most used material on Earth after water. It is strong, cheap, and essential; at the same time, it is also one of the largest single sources of industrial CO₂. Replacing even a ...

Artificial intelligence is no longer an imaginary concept for the construction industry. It is becoming the driving force behind faster take-offs, sharper cost forecasts, smarter risk control, and ...

The Pelton, Francis and Kaplan turbines are water turbines that are rotary machines which convert kinetic energy and the potential energy of the water into mechanical energy that rotates the shaft to ...