The Olympic art competitions were the brainchild of IOC founder Pierre de Coubertin, who believed sport and culture were intertwined. Medals were awarded in architecture, literature, music, painting, and sculpture, with all works required to be inspired by sport. While largely forgotten today, the competitions saw notable successes. Luxembourg painter Jean Jacoby remains the only artist to win two gold medals, and Swiss designer Alex Diggelmann won three medals across different Games. The events